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Grammar tenses
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review of tensesPreview
THE TENSES IN ENGLISH
Tense
Time expressions
Use
Form
Examples
Simple
Present
every day
sometimes
always
often
usually
seldom
never
repeated, habitual actions
general truth
future reference: timetables, programmes
Vb + s/es (3rd pers. sg)
He always goes to bed at 11 o’clock.
The sun rises in the east
The train leaves at 8.00
Present Continuous
now
at the moment
still
action happening at the moment of speech
future reference: a future personal plan
to be (am/are/is) + vb + ing
I’m working now
I’m going to the theatre this evening
Simple
Past
last ...
... ago
in 1990
yesterday
action took place in the past, mostly connected with an expression of time (no connection to the present)
-ed (regular vbs)
-2nd verb form (irregular vbs)
She sold her car last week.
Past Continuous
at that moment
while
action in the middle of happening at a stated past time
past action in progress interrupted by another past action
to be (was/were) +vb + ing
This time last week I was working
I was reading when he came in.
Simple
Present
Perfect
yet
recently
just
already
since
for
so far,
up to now
(n)ever
Recently completed action
Completed past action with a present result
Personal experience/changes which have happened
have/has + past participle
She has just finished her project.
She has bought a house (she now owns a house)
I have never been there
Present Perfect Continuous
Emphasis on the length of time of an action
action started in the past which continues up to the present
have/has + been + vb + ing
He has been feeling unwell for days
She has been working on the project for an hour
Past Perfect Simple
since
for
by the time
just
already
Past action completed before another past action
had + past participle
She had already finished it when I called/ by 8 o’clock yesterday
Future simple
actions or predictions which may happen in the future
will + vb
I’ll talk to him tomorrow
Future continuous
action in progress at a future stated time
Will+be+vb + ing
This time tomorrow I’ll be driving to Paris.
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